Chapter 8: The Structure of DNA, RNA and Proteins

1/12/2007 · Kategori: dna

This chapter will explore the structure of nucleic acids and proteins.

DNA Structure

DNA is composed of several different subunits. The backbone of the molecule is made of a sugar called deoxyribose. The deoxyribose is held together by phosphate groups. Deoxyribose also forms bonds with the four bases, adenine (A), cytosine ( C), thymine (T) and guanine (G). Figures 8.1-8.6 depict how the subunits are assembled in a DNA molecule. In these figures, black represents adenine, white thymine, dark gray guanine, and light gray cytosine.

Figure 8.1: Rasmol Image of DNA Double Helix Segment
dna-1_small.GIF (6818 bytes)

Figure 8.2: Closer View of DNA

dna-2_small.GIF (12467 bytes)



Figure 8.3: Conceptual DNA Model

dna-concept-3_small.GIF (5219 bytes)

Figure 8.4: Top and Side view of Two Steps

step-dna4a_small.GIF (8998 bytes)

step-dna4b_small.GIF (8424 bytes)




   Chapter 3 describes how this structure stores information. The order of the four bases (A, T, C and G) read three at a time per table 3.2 determine the amino acid sequence in the final protein.

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